JAVA教程之java语音完成手艺TTS材料

恰恰证明了java的简单，要不怎么没有通过c/c++来搞个这种框架？要做语音，查了一些材料。

JavaSpeechAPI：http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/speech/

JavaSpeechAPI同意开辟职员将语音手艺整合到Javaapplet和使用程序的用户界面中。这类API划定一个跨平台的接口来撑持命令―把持辨认器、听写体系和语音分解器。
这个综合API被分红几个标准：

JavaSpeechAPI标准（JavaSpeechAPISpecification，JSAPI）
JavaSpeechAPI程序员指南
JavaSpeechAPI语法格局标准（JavaSpeechAPIGrammarFormatSpecification，JSGF）
JavaSpeechAPI标志言语标准（JavaSpeechAPIMarkupLanguageSpecification，JSML）
这个API没有Sun公司的参考完成，可是有很多第三方完成，包含SpeechforJava（能够从IBMalphaWorks取得），它利用ViaVoice来撑持语音命令辨认、听写和文本到语音的分解。

java.sun.com官方材料：

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WherecanIgettheJavaSpeechAPI(JSAPI)?
TheJavaSpeechAPI(JSAPI)isnotpartoftheJDKandSundoesnotshipanimplementationofJSAPI.Instead,weworkwiththirdpartyspeechcompaniestoencouragetheavailabilityofmultipleimplementations.

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WhatistheJavaSpeechAPI(JSAPI)?
TheJavaSpeechAPIallowsJavaapplicationstoincorporatespeechtechnologyintotheiruserinterfaces.Itdefinesacross-platformAPItosupportcommandandcontrolrecognizers,dictationsystemsandspeechsynthesizers.

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WhenwilltheJSAPIspecificationbeavailable?
TheJavaSpeech1.0APIspecificationwasreleasedonOctober26,1998,andisavailableathttp://java.sun.com/products/java-media/speech/

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WhatdoestheJavaSpeechAPIspecificationinclude?
TheJavaSpeechAPIspecificationincludestheJavadoc-styleAPIdocumentationfortheapproximately70classesandinterfacesintheAPI.ThespecificationalsoincludesadetailedProgrammersGuidewhichexplainsbothintroductoryandadvancedspeechapplicationprogrammingwithJSAPI.Twocompanionspecificationsareavailable:JSMLandJSGF.

Thespecificationisnotyetprovidedwiththe.classfilesneededtocompileapplicationswithJSAPI.

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WhatareJSMLandJSGF?
TheJavaSpeechAPIMarkupLanguage(JSML)andtheJavaSpeechAPIGrammarFormat(JSGF)arecompanionspecificationstotheJavaSpeechAPI.JSML(currentlyinbeta)definesastandardtextformatformarkinguptextforinputtoaspeechsynthesizer.JSGFversion1.0definesastandardtextformatforprovidingagrammartoaspeechrecognizer.Bothspecificationsareavailableathttp://java.sun.com/products/java-media/speech/

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HowwastheJSAPIspecificationdeveloped?
SunMicrosystems,Inc.workedinpartnershipwithleadingspeechtechnologycompaniestodefinetheinitialspecificationoftheJavaSpeechAPI,JSMLandJSGF.Sunisgratefulforthecontributionsof:

AppleComputer,Inc.
AT&T
DragonSystems,Inc.
IBMCorporation
Novell,Inc.
PhilipsSpeechProcessing
TexasInstrumentsIncorporated
TheJSAPIspecificationandJSGFandJSMLspecificationsweredevelopedasopenspecificationswithinputfromapublicreviewprocess.
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HowdoesJSAPIrelatetootherJavaAPIs?
TheJavaSpeechAPIispartofafamilyofAPIsthatworktogetherasasuitetoprovidecustomerswithenhancedgraphicsandextendedcommunicationscapabilities.TheseAPIsincludethe

Java2DAPI
Java3DAPI
JavaAdvancedImagingAPI
JavaMediaFrameworkAPI
JavaSoundAPI
JavaTelephonyAPI
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WhatJSAPIimplementationsarenowavailable?
TheJavaSpeechAPIisafreelyavailablespecificationandthereforeanyoneiswelcometodevelopanimplementation.Thefollowingimplementationsareknowntoexist.

Note:SunMicrosystems,Inc.makesnorepresentationsorwarrantiesaboutthesuitabilityofthesoftwarelistedhere,eitherexpressorimplied,includingbutnotlimitedtotheimpliedwarrantiesofmechantability,fitnessforaparticularpurpose,ornon-infringement.TheimplementationslistedherehavenotbeentestedwithregardtocompliancetotheJSAPIspecification,nordoestheirappearanceonthispageimplyanyformofendorsementofcomplianceonthepartofSun.

FreeTTSon

Description:OpensourcespeechsynthesizerwrittenentirelyintheJavaprogramminglanguage.
Requirements:JDK1.4.ReadaboutmorerequirementsontheFreeTTSwebsite.
IBMs"SpeechforJava"
Description:ImplementationbasedonIBMsViaVoiceproduct,whichsupportscontinuousdictation,commandandcontrolandspeechsynthesis.ItsupportsalltheEuropeanlanguageversionsofViaVoice--US&UKEnglish,French,German,ItalianandSpanish--plusJapanese.
Requirements:JDK1.1.7orlaterorJDK1.2onWindows95with32MB,orWindowsNTwith48MB.BothplatformsalsorequireaninstallationViaVoice98.
IBMs"SpeechforJava"onLinux
Description:Betaversionof"SpeechforJava"onLinux.Currentlyonlysupportsspeechrecognition.
Requirements:RedHatLinux6.0with32MB,andBlackdownJDK1.1.7withnativethreadsupport.
TheCloudGarden
Description:Implementationforusewithanyrecognition/TTSspeechenginecompliantwithMicrosoftsSAPI5(withSAPI4supportforTTSenginesonly).Anadditionalpackageallowsredirectionofaudiodatato/fromFiles,Linesandremoteclients(usingthejavax.sound.sampledpackage).SomeexamplesdemonstrateitsuseinappletsinNetscapeandIEbrowsers.
Requirements:JDK1.1orbetter,Windows98,Me,2000orNT,andanySAPI5.1,5.0or4.0compliantspeechengine(someofwhichcanbedownloadedfromMicrosoftswebsite).
Lernout&HauspiesTTSforJavaSpeechAPI

Description:ImplementationsbaseduponASR1600andTTS3000engines,whichsupportcommandandcontrolandspeechsynthesis.Supports10differentvoicesandassociatedwhisperingvoicesfortheEnglishlanguage.Providescontrolforpitch,pitchrange,speakingrate,andvolume.
Requirements:SunSolarisOSversion2.4orlater,JDK1.1.5.SunSwingpackage(freedownload)forgraphicalType-n-Talkdemo.
Moreinformation:ContactEdmundKwan,DirectorofSales,WesternRegionSpeechandLanguageTechnologiesandSolutions(ekwan@lhs.com)
ConversaWeb3.0

Description:ConversaWebisavoice-enabledWebbrowserthatprovidesarangeoffacilitiesforvoice-navigationofthewebbyspeechrecognitionandtext-to-speech.ThedevelopersofConversaWebchosetowriteaJSAPIimplementationforthespeechsupport.
Requirements:Windows95/98orNT4.0runningonIntelPentium166MHzprocessororfaster(orequivalent).Minimumof32MBRAM(64MBrecommended).Multimediasystem:soundcardandspeakers.MicrosoftInternetExplorer4.0orhigher.
Festival

Description:Festivalisageneralmulti-lingualspeechsynthesissystemdevelopedbytheCentreforSpeechTechnologyResearchattheUniversityofEdinburgh.ItoffersafulltexttospeechsystemwithvariousAPIs,aswellanenvironmentfordevelopmentandresearchofspeechsynthesistechniques.ItiswritteninC++withaScheme-basedcommandinterpreterforgeneralcontrolandprovidesabindingtotheJavaSpeechAPI.SupportstheEnglish(BritishandAmerican),SpanishandWelshlanguages.
Requirements:FestivalrunsonSuns(SunOSandSolaris),FreeBSD,Linux,SGIs,HPsandDECAlphasandisportabletootherUnixmachines.PreliminarysupportisavailableforWindows95andNT.FordetailsandrequirementsseetheFestivaldownloadpage.
ElanSpeechCube

Description:ElanSpeechCubeisaMultilingual,multichannel,cross-operatingsystemtext-to-speechsoftwarecomponentforclient-serverarchitecture.SpeechCubeisavailablewith2TTStechnologies(ElanTempo:diphoneconcatenationandElanSayso:unitselection),covering11languages.SpeechCubenativeJavaclientsupportsJSAPI/JSML.
Requirements:JDK1.3orlateronWindowsNT/2000/XP,LinuxorSolaris2.7/2.8,SpeechCubeV4.2andhigher.
AboutElanSpeech:ElanSpeechisanestablishedworldwideprovideroftext-to-speechtechnology(TTS).ElanTTStransformsanyITgeneratedtextintospeechandreadsitoutloud.
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HowdoIuseJSAPIinanapplet?
ItispossibletouseJSAPIinanapplet.Inordertodothis,userswillneedtheJavaPlug-in(seehttp://java.sun.com/products/plugin).ThereasonforthisisthatJSAPIimplementationsrequireaccesstotheAWTEventQueue,andthebuilt-inJDKsupportinthebrowsersweveworkedwithdeniesanyappletaccesstotheAWTEventQueue.TheJavaPlug-indoesnthavethisrestriction,anduserscanconfiguretheJavaPlug-intograntordenyappletaccesstotheAWTQueue.

IfyouareusingJRE1.1:
HaveyourusersfollowthesestepsifyourappletisbaseduponJDK1.1:

ObtainaJDK1.1.7orbetterJavaRuntimeEnvironment(JRE).ThereasonforthisiswehavehadproblemswithappletsecuritybeingdeniedwithJDK1.1.6.PleasenotethattheuserneedstheJREandnottheJDK.TheJREisfreelyavailablefordownloadfromthefollowingURL:
http://java.sun.com/products/jdk/1.1

Beforerunningthebrowser,havetheusermodifytheirCLASSPATHenvironmentvariabletoincludethesupportingclassesforJSAPI.Forexample,iftheuserhasIBMsSpeechforJava,havetheuserincludetheibmjs.jarfileinCLASSPATH.
MakesureanysharedlibrariesfortheJSAPIsupportareintheusersPATH.Forexample,iftheuserhasIBMsSpeechForJava,havetheuserincludetheibmjslibdirectoryintheirPATH(e.g.,c:ibmjslib).
Havetheusercopythespeech.propertiestotheirhomedirectory.AusercandeterminetheirhomedirectorybyenablingtheconsolefortheJavaPlug-in.WhentheuseraccessesapagethatusestheJavaPlug-in,theJavaPlug-inconsolewilltelltheuserwhatitthinkstheusershomedirectoryis.
Usejavakeytoaddyouridentitytotheirsignaturedatabase(i.e.,identitydb.obj).ThiswilltelltheJavaPlug-intotrustappletssignedbyyou.InformationonjavakeyandsigningcanbefoundatthefollowingURLS:
http://java.sun.com/security/signExample
http://java.sun.com/products/plugin/1.1.1/signed.html

Copytheidentitydb.objthatwascreatedorupdatedinprevioussteptotheusershomedirectory(thesameplacewheretheusercopiedspeech.properties).
Thenperformthesestepsonyourapplet:

Usejavakeytobothcreateasignaturedatabaseforyoursystemandtosignyourappletsjarfile.Thiswillallowtheapplettoparticipateinthesecuritymodel.
CreateanHTMLpagethatusesyourappletinthePlug-in.Seehttp://java.sun.com/products/plugin/1.1.1/docsformoreinformationonhowtodothis.
Iftheuserexperiencesa"checkread"exceptionwhileattemptingtorunyourapplet,itsmostlikelyduetoamismatchbetweentheusersidentitydb.objfileandthesignatureonyourappletsjarfile.Awaytoremedythisistorecreateyouridentitydb.objandre-signyourjarfile.
IfyouareusingJRE1.2:
TheJava2platformssecuritymodelallowssigningasdonewithJDK1.1,butitalsopermitsfinergrainedaccesscontrol.Thefollowingarejustsomeexamples,andwerecommendyoureadtheJavaSecurityArchitectureSpecificationatthefollowingURLbeforedecidingwhattodo:

http://java.sun.com/products/jdk/1.2/docs/guide/security/spec/security-spec.doc.html

Foraquickstart,haveyourusersdothefollowingifyourappletusestheJava2(i.e.,JDK1.2)platform:

ObtaintheJDK1.2Plug-in.
Beforerunningthebrowser,havetheusermodifytheirCLASSPATHenvironmentvariabletoincludethesupportingclassesforJSAPI.Forexample,iftheuserhasIBMsSpeechforJava,havetheuserincludetheibmjs.jarfileinCLASSPATH.
MakesureanysharedlibrariesfortheJSAPIsupportareintheusersPATH.Forexample,iftheuserhasIBMsSpeechForJava,havetheuserincludetheibmjslibdirectoryintheirPATH(e.g.,c:ibmjslib).
Havetheusercopythespeech.propertiestotheirhomedirectory.AusercandeterminetheirhomedirectorybyenablingtheconsolefortheJavaPlug-in.WhentheuseraccessesapagethatusestheJavaPlug-in,theJavaPlug-inconsolewilltelltheuserwhatitthinkstheusershomedirectoryis.
Havetheusermodifytheirjava.policyfileintheJavaPlug-inssecuritydirectoryappropriately.Therearemanywaystodothis.Thefollowingarejustafewpossibilities:
GrantallappletstheAllPermissionproperty.Thisisextremelydangerousandisonlyprovidedasanexample.Todothis,havetheusermodifytheirjava.policyfiletocontainonlythefollowinglines:
grant{
permissionjava.security.AllPermission;
}

GrantpermissionstoaparticularURL(e.g.,theURLcontainingyourapplet).Todothis,havetheuseraddthefollowinglinestotheirjava.policyfile:
grantcodeBase"http://your.url.here"{
permissionjava.security.AllPermission;
}

TheinformationinthisFAQisnotmeanttobeacompletetutorialontheJDK1.1andJDK1.2architecture.Instead,itismeanttobehopefullyenoughtogetyoustartedwithrunningJSAPIappletsinabrowser.WesuggestyouvisitthefollowingURLstoobtainmoreinformationontheJavaSecuritymodels:

JavaSecurityHomePage:
http://java.sun.com/security

TutorialonJDK1.1Security:
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/security1.1

TutorialonJDK1.2Security:
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/security1.2

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WhydoesNetscapeNavigatororInternetExplorerthrowasecurityexceptionwhenIuseJSAPIinanapplet?
JSAPIimplementationsrequireaccesstotheAWTEventQueue.Thebuilt-inJavaplatformsupportinthebrowsersweveworkedwithdeniesanappletaccesstotheAWTEventQueue.Asaresult,JSAPIimplementationswillbedeniedaccesstotheAWTEventQueue.Inaddition,wearenotawareofawaytoconfigurethebuilt-inJavaplatformsupportintheseenvironmentstoallowaccesstotheAWTEventQueue.

TheJavaPlug-in(seehttp://java.sun.com/products/plugin),however,canbeconfiguredtoallowanappletthenecessarypermissionsitneedstouseanimplementationofJSAPI.Asaresult,wecurrentlyrecommendusingtheJavaPlug-inforappletsthatuseJSAPI.

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ImconcernedaboutJSAPIapplets"bugging"myoffice.WhataretheplansforJSAPIandsecurityonJDK1.2?
TheJSAPI1.0specificationincludestheSpeechPermissionclassthatcurrentlyonlysupportsoneSpeechPermission:javax.speech.Whenthatpermissionisgranted,anapplicationorapplethasaccesstoallthecapabilitiesprovidedbyinstalledspeechrecognizersandsynthesizers.Withoutthatpermission,anapplicationorapplethasnoaccesstospeechcapabilities.

Asspeechtechnologymaturesitisanticipatedthatafiner-grainedpermissionmodelwillbeintroducedtoprovideaccessbyapplicationsandappletstosome,butnotall,speechcapabilities.

Beforegrantingspeechpermission,developersandusersshouldconsiderthepotentialimpactofthegrant.

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DoesJSAPIallowmetocontroltheaudioinputsourceofarecognizerorredirecttheaudiooutputofaspeechsynthesizer?
ThissupportiscurrentlynotinJSAPI.WeplantousetheJavaSoundAPItohelpprovidethissupportinthefuture.Wepurposelyleftroomforexpansioninthejavax.speech.AudioManagerinterfaceandwillfurtherinvestigatethissupportaftertheJavaSoundAPIisfinalized.

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试用了一些产物，发明关于中文不可呀，那位先容一下呀？



而学习JAVA我觉得最应该避免的就是：只学习，不思考，只记忆，不实践！

在全球云计算和移动互联网的产业环境下，Java更具备了显著优势和广阔前景。

你现在最缺的是实际的工作经验，而不是书本上那些凭空想出来的程序。

自从Sun推出Java以来，就力图使之无所不包，所以Java发展到现在，按应用来分主要分为三大块：J2SE,J2ME和J2EE,这也就是Sun ONE(Open Net Environment)体系。J2SE就是Java2的标准版，主要用于桌面应用软件的编程；J2ME主要应用于嵌入是系统开发，如手机和PDA的编程；J2EE是Java2的企业版，主要用于分布式的网络程序的开发，如电子商务网站和ERP系统。

是一种使网页(Web Page)由静态(Static)转变为动态(Dynamic)的语言

Java 不同于一般的编译执行计算机语言和解释执行计算机语言。它首先将源代码编译成二进制字节码（bytecode），然后依赖各种不同平台上的虚拟机来解释执行字节码。从而实现了“一次编译、到处执行”的跨平台特性。

是一种突破用户端机器环境和CPU

Java是一种计算机编程语言，拥有跨平台、面向对java

所以现在应用最广泛又最好学的就是J2EE了。 J2EE又包括许多组件，如Jsp,Servlet,JavaBean,EJB,JDBC,JavaMail等。要学习起来可不是一两天的事。那么又该如何学习J2EE呢？当然Java语法得先看一看的，I/O包，Util包，Lang包你都熟悉了吗？然后再从JSP学起。

在全球云计算和移动互联网的产业环境下，Java更具备了显著优势和广阔前景。

我大二，Java也只学了一年，觉得还是看thinking in java好，有能力的话看英文原版(中文版翻的不怎么好)，还能提高英文文档阅读能力。

Pet Store.（宠物店）是SUN公司为了演示其J2EE编程规范而推出的开放源码的程序，应该很具有权威性，想学J2EE和EJB的朋友不要 错过了。

Java是一个纯的面向对象的程序设计语言，它继承了 C++语言面向对象技术的核心。Java舍弃了C ++语言中容易引起错误的指针（以引用取代）、运算符重载（operator overloading）

Pet Store.（宠物店）是SUN公司为了演示其J2EE编程规范而推出的开放源码的程序，应该很具有权威性，想学J2EE和EJB的朋友不要 错过了。

当然你也可以参加一些开源项目，一方面可以提高自己，另一方面也是为中国软件事业做贡献嘛！开发者在互联网上用CVS合作开发，用QQ,MSN,E-mail讨论联系，天南海北的程序员分散在各地却同时开发同一个软件，是不是很有意思呢？

仓酷云

当然你也可以参加一些开源项目，一方面可以提高自己，另一方面也是为中国软件事业做贡献嘛！开发者在互联网上用CVS合作开发，用QQ,MSN,E-mail讨论联系，天南海北的程序员分散在各地却同时开发同一个软件，是不是很有意思呢？

你可以去承接一些项目做了，一开始可能有些困难，可是你有技术积累，又考虑周全，接下项目来可以迅速作完，相信大家以后都会来找你的，所以Money就哗啦啦的。。。。。。

你快去找一份Java的编程工作来做吧（如果是在校学生可以去做兼职啊），在实践中提高自己，那才是最快的。不过你得祈祷在公司里碰到一个高手，而且他 还愿意不厌其烦地教你，这样好象有点难哦！还有一个办法就是读开放源码的程序了。我们知道开放源码大都出自高手，他们设计合理，考虑周到，再加上有广大的程序员参与，代码的价值自然是字字珠叽，铿锵有力（对不起，偶最近《金装四大才子》看多了）。

接着就是EJB了，EJB就是Enterprise JavaBean, 看名字好象它是Javabean，可是它和Javabean还是有区别的。它是一个体系结构，你可以搭建更安全、更稳定的企业应用。它的大量代码已由中间件（也就是我们常听到的 Weblogic,Websphere这些J2EE服务器）完成了，所以我们要做的程序代码量很少，大部分工作都在设计和配置中间件上。

那么我书也看了，程序也做了，别人问我的问题我都能解决了，是不是就成为高手了呢？当然没那么简单，这只是万里长征走完了第一步。不信？那你出去接一个项目，你知道怎么下手吗，你知道怎么设计吗，你知道怎么组织人员进行开发吗？你现在脑子里除了一些散乱的代码之外，可能再没有别的东西了吧！